How to Properly Use a Ratchet Strap for Heavy Loads: A Complete Guide

When you’re securing heavy cargo—whether you’re hauling equipment, moving furniture, or transporting goods—ratchet straps are one of the most reliable tools you can use. But using them incorrectly can lead to serious damage or accidents. This guide breaks down everything you need to know about how to properly use a ratchet strap for heavy loads, ensuring safety, efficiency, and peace of mind.

What Is a Ratchet Strap?

A ratchet strap, also known as a tie-down strap, is a type of fastener made from high-strength polyester webbing with a ratcheting mechanism that allows you to tightly secure heavy items. It’s designed to keep cargo stable during transport by applying tension and locking it into place.

Ratchet straps come in various lengths, widths, and load capacities. For heavy loads, always choose straps rated for at least the weight of the cargo you’re securing, with a working load limit (WLL) appropriate for the task.

Why Proper Use Matters

Improper use of ratchet straps can result in:

• Load shifting or falling off during transport
• Damage to the cargo or vehicle
• Legal penalties for unsecured loads
• Personal injury or accidents

Learning the correct way to use ratchet straps is crucial not only for safety, but also for regulatory compliance—especially in commercial or highway settings.

Tools & Prep: What You’ll Need

Before you start, make sure you have:

• Heavy-duty ratchet straps with adequate WLL
• Anchor points or D-rings on your vehicle or trailer
• Gloves (optional but recommended)
• A clean, dry strap—no frays, mold, or tears

👉 Tip: Always inspect your straps before every use. Damage can drastically reduce their strength.

Step-by-Step: How to Use a Ratchet Strap Correctly

1. Thread the Strap Through the Ratchet

Start by feeding the free end of the webbing (also called the tail) through the slot in the center of the ratchet (called the mandrel). Pull it through until you have enough slack to wrap around your load.

Important: Don’t over-thread! You need some room for tightening.

2. Attach the Hooks to Anchor Points

Attach the hooks (either S-hooks, flat hooks, or snap hooks) on each end of the strap to secure anchor points on your trailer, truck bed, or cargo frame.

Make sure the anchor points are:

• Structurally sound
• Rated for the load
• Not sharp or abrasive

3. Position the Strap Over the Load

Place the webbing over or around the load as needed. Ensure it lies flat and snug without twists or tangles. Twisted straps weaken the system and can damage cargo.

For multiple straps, evenly space them and avoid stacking tension in one spot.

4. Tighten the Strap Using the Ratchet

Crank the ratchet handle up and down to tighten the strap. This winds the webbing around the mandrel, increasing tension. Keep ratcheting until the strap is firmly tight, but not overly compressed to the point of damaging the cargo.

Rule of thumb: The strap should be tight enough that you can’t move the load by hand, but not so tight that it bends or crushes it.

5. Lock the Ratchet and Secure the Tail

Once tight, close the ratchet completely to lock it in place. Then, tie off the excess webbing so it doesn’t flap in the wind or catch on anything.

How to Release a Ratchet Strap

Releasing is simple when done right:

1. Pull and hold the release lever (often a small tab inside the handle).
2. Fully open the ratchet until it lies flat.
3. The mandrel will release, and you can pull the webbing out.

Avoid letting the strap snap back—always guide it slowly to avoid injury.

Pro Tips for Heavy Loads

• Use multiple straps for loads over 1,000 lbs.
• Check tension periodically, especially on long trips.
• If you’re using e-track or L-track systems, make sure your strap ends are compatible.
• Never tie knots in a ratchet strap—it compromises strength.
• Don’t exceed the working load limit (WLL). The WLL is typically 1/3 of the strap’s breaking strength, and it’s the number that matters for safe use.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Twisting the strap (reduces strength)
• Using damaged straps
• Not securing the tail
• Over-tightening (can damage both the strap and cargo)
• Relying on bungee cords for heavy loads—they’re not load-rated!

Legal Considerations

AcIn the UK, securing loads is not just best practice—it’s a legal requirement under the Road Traffic Act 1988 and enforced by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) and Highways England.

Key Points:

• Loads must be secure and stable throughout transit.
• If cargo moves, detaches, or affects the vehicle’s stability, it could lead to prosecution or fines.
• DVSA officers and police can stop and inspect vehicles, and issue prohibition notices if a load is found to be unsafe.

The Department for Transport (DfT) provides clear guidance in its publication:
📘 “Load Securing: Vehicle Operator Guidance” – which recommends the use of rated ratchet straps, proper anchoring, and regular inspections.

Penalties for Unsecured Loads:

• Fixed penalties or court summons
• Immediate vehicle prohibition
• Risk of invalidated insurance
• Up to £5,000 fines or imprisonment in serious cases involving accidents or injuries

👉 Tip: Keep proof that your straps meet BS EN 12195-2 standards (the British and European standard for web lashings).

For commercial hauliers, non-compliance can also damage your Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS), potentially affecting your licence.

Final Thoughts

Ratchet straps are simple tools, but when you’re dealing with heavy loads, how you use them can make all the difference. With the right straps, anchor points, and technique, you can haul with confidence—knowing your cargo is safe, legal, and secure.

So next time you’re moving something big, take the extra few minutes to do it right. Your truck, your cargo, and everyone else on the road will thank you.

FAQs

Q: How many ratchet straps do I need?
A: Depends on the weight and dimensions. For anything over 5 feet long or over 1,100 lbs, at least two straps are typically required.

Q: Can I use ratchet straps in the rain?
A: Yes—but dry and store them properly to prevent mildew or weakening.

Q: What’s the difference between WLL and breaking strength?
A: WLL is the safe working limit. Breaking strength is the maximum the strap can handle before failing—never load to this level.